What is the Application of Metal Yttrium in Steel？>

Metal Yttrium (element symbol Y) is a heavy rare earth metal element. It is in the 5th period of group I in the periodic table. The physicochemical properties of yttrium are similar to other rare earth metals, and it is often symbiotic with rare earth minerals of other rare earth metals. It is a relatively important heavy rare earth metal. Metal yttrium has many applications in non-ferrous alloys, steel, rare earth permanent magnets and military industries. Among the steel applications are：

1. In the molten iron and steel at high temperature, Y reacts with S, O2, P, C, N to form compounds such as YS, Y2O3, YP, YC and YN, which improves the performance of steel.

2. In molten steel, Y reacts with inclusions such as A12O3 and MnS to form Y2O3 and YS, while Al2O3 and MnS become Mn and Al, which improves the overall performance of steel.

3. Sometimes, Y can also be alloyed with steel to form new compounds, which is beneficial to the improvement of steel properties.

4. In cast iron, after adding Ys1.0%, the eutectic temperature and solid solubility can be increased to improve the manufacturability.

5. Adding Y 0.015-0.07% to the 18-8 type Pi stainless steel can significantly improve the resistance to pinhole corrosion, which is beneficial to the requirements of the application environment.

6. After adding Y 0.3% to the heat-resistant steel, it can significantly reduce the oxidation rate of the steel at different temperatures, reduce the oxidation increment, and improve the service life.

7. When the No. 45 steel is salt-melted and boronized at 960C, the addition of Y-based rare earth compounds can increase the infiltration rate and amount of boron. Y also penetrates into the surface layer to greatly improve the surface properties and improve the steel. The corrosion resistance of the surface increases the thickness of the infiltrated layer by 22-25%, with better use effect and higher economic value.

8. After adding Y in the production of petroleum seamless steel pipes, quenching cracks and forging cracks can be reduced, and the heat treatment process is simplified.

9. Adding Y 0.02-0.05% to some high-alloy stainless steel can significantly improve the thermoplasticity of the material and improve the processing performance.

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